Visual Acuity Test
VisionMeasures sharpness of vision using eye chart (typically Snellen chart with letters). Results expressed as fraction (20/20, 20/40, etc.). 20/20 means normal vision—can see at 20 feet what person with normal vision sees at 20 feet.
More Vision Terms
Astigmatism
Irregular curvature of cornea or lens causing blurred or distorted vision at all distances. Often occurs with myopia or hyperopia. Corrected with special cylinder lenses. Very common.
Cataracts
Clouding of eye's natural lens causing blurry vision, like looking through foggy window. Very common with aging—most people over 70 have some degree. Only treatment is surgery replacing cloudy lens with artificial lens. Most common surgery in US, very safe and effective.
Comprehensive Eye Exam
Thorough evaluation of eye health and vision including visual acuity test, refraction (prescription determination), eye muscle test, peripheral vision test, eye pressure measurement, and dilated eye examination. Recommended every 1-2 years depending on age and risk factors.
Contact Lens Allowance
Maximum amount plan pays for contact lenses instead of eyeglasses, usually per year. Typically $100-150. You choose between eyeglasses or contacts each benefit period, not both.
Contact Lenses
Small corrective lenses placed directly on eye surface. Types include soft (flexible, comfortable, most popular) and rigid gas permeable (harder, sharper vision, more durable). Require proper cleaning and replacement schedule.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes complication damaging blood vessels in retina, leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. Can progress without symptoms until advanced. All diabetics at risk. Requires regular dilated eye exams. Treated with laser, injections, or surgery.
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